Quantum Algorithmic Gate-Based Computing: Grover Quantum Search Algorithm Design in Quantum Software Engineering

The difference between classical and quantum algorithms (QA) is following: problem solved by QA is coded in the structure of the quantum operators. Input to QA in this case is always the same. Output of QA says which problem coded. In some sense, give a function to QA to analyze and QA returns its property as an answer without quantitative computing. QA studies qualitative properties of the functions. The core of any QA is a set of unitary quantum operators or quantum gates. In practical representation, quantum gate is a unitary matrix with particular structure. The size of this matrix grows exponentially with an increase in the number of inputs, which significantly limits the QA simulation on a classical computer with von Neumann architecture. Quantum search algorithm (QSA) - models apply for the solution of computer science problems as searching in unstructured data base, quantum cryptography, engineering tasks, control system design, robotics, smart controllers, etc. Grovers algorithm is explained in details along with implementations on a local computer simulator. The presented article describes a practical approach to modeling one of the most famous QA on classical computers, the Grover algorithm.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:quant-ph/0112105 by other author

Fast quantum search algorithm modelling on conventional computers: Information analysis of termination problem

The simplest technique for simulating a quantum algorithm - QA described based on the direct matrix representation of the quantum operators. Using this approach, it is relatively simple to simulate the operation of a QA and to perform fidelity analysis. A more efficient fast QA simulation technique is based on computing all or part of the operator matrices on an as needed current computational basis. Using this technique, it is possible to avoid storing all or part of the operator matrices. The compute on demand approach benefits from a study of the quantum operators, and their structure so that the matrix elements can be computed more efficiently. Effective simulation of Grover quantum search algorithm as example on computer with classical architecture is considered

Robotic Unicycle Intelligent Robust Control Pt I: Soft Computational Intelligence Toolkit

The concept of an intelligent control system for a complex nonlinear biomechanical system of an extension cableless robotic unicycle discussed. A thermodynamic approach to study optimal control processes in complex nonlinear dynamic systems applied. The results of stochastic simulation of a fuzzy intelligent control system for various types of external / internal excitations for a dynamic, globally unstable control object - extension cableless robotic unicycle based on Soft Computing (Computational Intelligence Toolkit - SCOptKBTM) technology presented. A new approach to design an intelligent control system based on the principle of the minimum entropy production (minimum of useful resource losses) determination in the movement of the control object and the control system is developed. This determination as a fitness function in the genetic algorithm is used to achieve robust control of a robotic unicycle. An algorithm for entropy production computing and representation of their relationship with the Lyapunov function (a measure of stochastic robust stability) described

Unconventional Cognitive Intelligent Robotic Control: Quantum Soft Computing Approach in Human Being Emotion Estimation -- QCOptKB Toolkit Application

Strategy of intelligent cognitive control systems based on quantum and soft computing presented. Quantum self-organization knowledge base synergetic effect extracted from intelligent fuzzy controllers imperfect knowledge bases described. That technology improved of robustness of intelligent cognitive control systems in hazard control situations described with the cognitive neuro-interface and different types of robot cooperation. Examples demonstrated the introduction of quantum fuzzy inference gate design as prepared programmable algorithmic solution for board embedded control systems. The possibility of neuro-interface application based on cognitive helmet with quantum fuzzy controller for driving of the vehicle is shown

Jet Calibration using gamma+jet Events in the CMS Detector

A procedure is presented for evaluating the jet energy scale from direct photons in gamma+jet events. The systematic shifts achieved on the jet energy scale with this technique are estimated. The range of applicability of this channel to calibrate the data is also discussed. The study is conducted using fully simulated events passed through the CMS detector including the effects of pile-up at an instantaneous luminosity of L = 2 x 10 ** 33 cm **-2 s **-1

Measurement of Jets with the CMS Detector at the LHC

The jet reconstruction algorithms and calibration techniques implemented in the CMS reconstruction software are studied with high-statistics Monte Carlo samples of QCD dijet events. Generated events are passed through a full detector-level simulation of the CMS detector including readout digitization in the presence of pile-up at an instantaneous luminosity of cal L = 2 times 10^ 33 rm~cm^-2 rm s^-1. Effects of detector resolution and granularity on the jet resolutions, efficiencies and instrumental background rates are estimated. These measures of performance are compared for a set of jet algorithms, algorithm parameters, and calorimeter cell thresholds. The uniformity and linearity of the jet response are evaluated by comparing particle-level and reconstructed jets over a wide range of transverse momenta throughout the angular coverage of the calorimeters. Fits to the ratio of reconstructed to generated jet transverse energy give a transverse energy resolution of 10-15% (8-10%) at 100 GeV (200 GeV) over the pseudorapidity range 0< IetaI <5. The angular resolution for 100 GeV (200 GeV) jets is 0.02-0.035 (0.02) radians

The CMS Barrel Calorimeter Response to Particle Beams from 2 to 350 GeV/c

The response of the CMS barrel calorimeter (electromagnetic plus hadronic) to hadrons, electrons and muons over a wide momentum range from 2 to 350 GeV/c has been measured. To our knowledge, this is the widest range of momenta in which any calorimeter system has been studied. These tests, carried out at the H2 beam-line at CERN, provide a wealth of information, especially at low energies. The analysis of the differences in calorimeter response to charged pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons and a detailed discussion of the underlying phenomena are presented. We also show techniques that apply corrections to the signals from the considerably different electromagnetic (EB) and hadronic (HB) barrel calorimeters in reconstructing the energies of hadrons. Above 5 GeV/c, these corrections improve the energy resolution of the combined system where the stochastic term equals 84.7$\pm$1.6$\%$ and the constant term is 7.4$\pm$0.8$\%$. The corrected mean response remains constant within 1.3$\%$ rms